Volume change in compacted claystone-bentonite mixtures as affected by the swamp acidic water
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Keywords:
claystone, bentonite, swelling, compression, clay liner
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Abstract
Water containing sulfuric acid with a pH up to 3 is prevalent in swampy areas. This article focuses on the effects of the solution on volume change of compacted claystone?bentonite mixture. Claystone was obtained from Banjarbakula landfill and it was mixed with bentonite on a 5, 10, 15, and 20% dry mass basis. Samples possessed the dry density of 16 kN/m3 and moisture content of 10, 15, and 20%. The odometer examined the samples' swelling and compression in both pure and acidic water. Characterization tests i.e., XRF, XRD, and FTIR were also performed. The results showed that swelling and compression were affected by initial moisture and bentonite content. Samples with a moisture content of 20% showed compression in acidic water. Acidic water changed the water absorbed on the clay surface without altering the mineral. A mixture containing 20% bentonite compacted to optimum moisture content was found at best in reducing the acidic water effects.
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Arifin, Y. F., Arsyad, M., Monica, J., & Agus, S. S. (2021). Volume change in compacted claystone-bentonite mixtures as affected by the swamp acidic water. Communications in Science and Technology, 6(2), 80-90. https://doi.org/10.21924/cst.6.2.2021.540
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References
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A. Gajo and M. Maines, Mechanical effects of aqueous solutions of inorganic acids and bases on a natural active clay, Geotechnique. 57 (2007) 687–699.
C.-L. Zhang, Sealing Performance of Fractured Claystone and Clay-Based Materials. Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktor- sicherheit (GRS) GmbH, 2017.
D. E. Daniel and C. H. Benson, Water content-density criteria for compacted soil liners, J. Geotech. Eng. 116 (1990) 1811–1830.
I. A. Sadisun, H. Shimada, M. Ichinose, and K. Matsui, Study on the physical disintegration characteristics of Subang claystone subjected to a modified slaking index test, Geotech. Geol. Eng. 23 (2005) 199–218.
Z. Liu and J. Shao, Moisture effects on damage and failure of bure claystone under compression, Geotech. Lett. 6 (2016) 182–186.
U. Khalid, Z. ur Rehman, C. Liao, K. Farooq, and H. Mujtaba, Compressibility of Compacted Clays Mixed with a Wide Range of Bentonite for Engineered Barriers, Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 44 (2019) 5027–5042.
D. E. Daniel and R. M. Koerner, Compacted Soil Liners, in Quality Assurance and Quality Control for Waste Containment Facilities, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1993, pp. 19–60.
S. Siddiqua, J. Blatz, and G. Siemens, Evaluation of the impact of pore fluid chemistry on the hydromechanical behaviour of clay-based sealing materials, Can. Geotech. J. 48 (2011) 199–213.
X. P. Nguyen, Y. J. Cui, A. M. Tang, Y. F. Deng, X. L. Li, and L. Wouters, Effects of pore water chemical composition on the hydro-mechanical behavior of natural stiff clays, Eng. Geol. 166 (2013) 52–64.
Z. Bakhshipour, A. Asadi, B. B. K. Huat, A. Sridharan, and S. Kawasaki, Effect of acid rain on geotechnical properties of residual soils, Soils Found. 56 (2016) 1008–1020.
S. Matsumoto, S. Ogata, H. Shimada, T. Sasaoka, A. Hamanaka, and G. J. Kusuma, Effects of ph-induced changes in soil physical characteristics on the development of soil water erosion, Geosci. 8 (2018).
A. A. Ahmed, I. M. Saaid, N. A. M. Akhir, and M. Rashedi, Influence of various cation valence, salinity, pH and temperature on bentonite swelling behaviour, AIP Conf. Proc., vol. 1774, 2016.
I. B. Gratchev and I. Towhata, Effects of acidic contamination on the geotechnical properties of marine soils in Japan, Proc. Int. Offshore Polar Eng. Conf. 1 (2009) 151–155.
T. M. H. Le, A. N. Pham, R. N. Collins, and T. D. Waite, Impact of soil consolidation and solution composition on the hydraulic properties of coastal acid sulfate soils, Aust. J. Soil Res. 46 (2008) 112–121.
P. V. Sivapullaiah, B. G. Prasad, and M. M. Allam, Effect of sulfuric acid on swelling behavior of an expansive soil, Soil Sediment Contam. 18 (2009) 121–135.
A. Sridharan, T. S. Nagaraj, and P. V. Sivapullaiah, Heaving of Soil Due To Acid Contamination., Proc. Int. Conf. Soil Mech. Found. Eng. 2 (1981) 383–386.
A. Assa’ad, Differential Upheaval of Phosphoric Acid Storage Tanks in Aqaba, Jordan, J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 12 (1998) 71–76.
P. V. Sivapullaiah, Surprising Soil Behaviour: Is It Really!!!, Indian Geotech. J. 45 (2015).
C. Rama Vara Prasad, P. Hari Prasad Reddy, V. Ramana Murthy, and P. V. Sivapullaiah, Swelling characteristics of soils subjected to acid contamination, Soils Found. 58 (2018) 110–121.
J. Chen, A. Anandarajah, and H. Inyang, Pore Fluid Properties and Compressibility of Kaolinite, J. Geotech. Geoenvironmental Eng. 126 (2000) 798–807.
A. S. Wahid, A. Gajo, and R. di Maggio, Chemo-mechanical effects in kaolinite. Part 2: exposed samples and chemical and phase analyses, Geotechnique. 61 (2011) 449–457.
A. Haraguchi, Effect of sulfuric acid discharge on river water chemistry in peat swamp forests in central Kalimantan, Indonesia, Limnology. 8 (2017) 175–182.
P. S. Tcvetkov, The history, present status and future prospects of the Russian fuel peat industry, Mires Peat. 19 (2017).
H. L. Wind-Mulder, L. Rochefort, and D. H. Vitt, Water and peat chemistry comparisons of natural and post-harvested peatlands across Canada and their relevance to peatland restoration, Ecol. Eng. 7 (1996) 161–181.
ASTMD2487, Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System), ASTM Int. West Conshohocken, PA, 1–5, 2006.
Y. F. Arifin, M. Arsyad, A. A. Pangestu, and D. Pratama, the Permeability and Shear Strength of Compacted Claystone-Bentonite Mixtures, Int. J. GEOMATE. 21 (2021) 48–61.
J. Chai and N. Miura, Comparing the performance of landfill liner systems, J mater cycles waste Manag. 4 (2002) 135–142.
ASTM D4829 ? 11, Standard Test Method for Expansion Index of Soils, ASTM Int. West Conshohocken, PA, www.astm.org, 1–6, 2011.
ASTMD2435-04, Standard Test Methods for One-Dimensional Consolidation Properties of Soils Using Incremental Loading, Annu. B. ASTM Stand., 1–10, 2004.
M. Olgun and M. Yildiz, The Effects of Pore Fluids with Different Dielectric Constants on the Geotechnical Behaviour of Kaolinite, Arab. J. Sci. Eng. (2012) 1833–1848.
A. Georgakopoulos, A. Iordanidis, and V. Kapina, Study of low rank greek coals using FTIR spectroscopy, Energy Sources. 25 (2003) 995–1005.
C. M. Hristodor, N. Vrinceanu, A. Pui, O. Novac, V. E. Copcia, and E. Popovici, Textural and morphological characterization of chitosan/bentonite nanocomposite, Environ. Eng. Manag. J. 11 (2012) 573–578.
O. A. Saputra et al., Silylated-montmorillonite as co-adsorbent of chitosan composites for methylene blue dye removal in aqueous solution, Commun. Sci. Technol. 5 (2020) 45–52.
R. Reddy T, K. S, E. T, and L. Reddy S, Spectroscopic Characterization of Bentonite, J. Lasers, Opt. Photonics. 04 (2017).
K. G. Akpomie and F. A. Dawodu, Acid-modified montmorillonite for sorption of heavy metals from automobile effluent, Beni-Suef Univ. J. Basic Appl. Sci. 5 (2016) 1–12.
A. S. Özcan, B. Erdem, and A. Özcan, Adsorption of Acid Blue 193 from aqueous solutions onto BTMA-bentonite, Colloids Surfaces A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 266 (2005) 73–81.
P. S. Reddy, B. Mohanty, and B. H. Rao, Influence of Clay Content and Montmorillonite Content on Swelling Behavior of Expansive Soils, Int. J. Geosynth. Gr. Eng. 6 (2020).
R. Pusch, O. Karnland, and H. Hökmark, GMM — A general microstructural model for qualitative and quantitative studies of smectite clays, SKB Tech. Rep. TR-90-43 (1990) 105.
N. Saiyouri, D. Tessier, and P. Y. Hicher, Experimental study of swelling in unsaturated compacted clays, Clay Miner. 39 (2004) 469–479.
Y. F. Arifin, Thermo-hydro-mechanical Behavior of Compacted Bentonite Sand Mixtures: An Experimental Study, Bauhaus Universitaet Weimar, Germany, 2008.
Q. Wang, Y. J. Cui, A. Minh Tang, L. Xiang-Ling, and Y. Wei-Min, Time- and density-dependent microstructure features of compacted bentonite, Soils Found. 54 (2014) 657–666.
S. Bulolo and E. C. Leong, Osmotic consolidation of expansive soil, 7th Asia-Pacific Conf. Unsaturated Soils, AP-UNSAT 2019. c (2019) 256–260.
T. Thyagaraj and S. M. Rao, Osmotic Swelling and Osmotic Consolidation Behaviour of Compacted Expansive Clay, Geotech. Geol. Eng. 31 (2013) 435–445.
L. Tan, P. Zheng, and Q. Liu, Effects of Saline Solutions on the Desiccation Cracking and Shrinkage Behavior of Gaomiaozi Bentonite, Adv. Civ. Eng. 2020 (2020).
N. Shokri, P. Zhou, and A. Keshmiri, Patterns of Desiccation Cracks in Saline Bentonite Layers, Transp. Porous Media. 110 (2015) 333–344.
P. Delage, Microstructure Features in the Behaviour of Engineered Barriers for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Exp. Unsaturated Soil Mech. (2007) 11–32.
A. Gajo and M. Maines, Mechanical effects of aqueous solutions of inorganic acids and bases on a natural active clay, Geotechnique. 57 (2007) 687–699.
C.-L. Zhang, Sealing Performance of Fractured Claystone and Clay-Based Materials. Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktor- sicherheit (GRS) GmbH, 2017.
D. E. Daniel and C. H. Benson, Water content-density criteria for compacted soil liners, J. Geotech. Eng. 116 (1990) 1811–1830.